Design step 1 showed the age and you can gender-modified abilities
First, we excluded times identified as having hypertension from the standard because these professionals was expected to alter the weight loss models shortly after seeing exposure
After draining the bladders, the participants seated unofficially for more than five minutes. Its blood pressure try counted having fun with good calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer by a tuned fitness nurse after the a standard techniques. The participants put their right case for the a beneficial cuff airbag, mentioned at the least step one min between tracks. We discussed hypertension patients that a mean off SBP ? 140 mmHg, an indicate out of DBP ? 90 mmHg, otherwise bringing antihypertensive treatment depending on the advice getting blocking and you can dealing with blood pressure level inside the China (2010) 23 . All forms of diabetes and you will myocardial infarction was basically discussed centered on worry about-declaration out of prognosis by the a health care professional in public areas hospitals above the condition top. The participants should provide the fresh certification of all forms of diabetes otherwise myocardial infarction. Investigators need certainly to be sure the newest person’s diagnosis of research and you may inquiry all the questions ‘Keeps a health care professional actually given you the prognosis of diabetes?
Possess a physician ever before provided the prognosis away from myocardial infarction? Medication fool around with is actually defined in accordance with the participants’ worry about-report, in which investigators need certainly to ask the participants another questions: ‘Will you be getting anti-blood pressure medicines? Did you use the dental medicine, treatment regarding insulin, Chinese conventional medicine, otherwise natural home remedies to alleviate all forms of diabetes? With regards to the assistance with the protection and you will treatment of blood lipids inside Chinese people (2006), players exactly who fulfilled at least one of your following the conditions: (1) TC ? six. We together with considered most other diet covariates, such as for example overall diet energy, times, whole grain, meat, fresh fruit, make, over loaded greasy acid, polyunsaturated greasy acid, cereal fiber, Na, K, and cholesterol levels intake, once the surrogates to control prospective weight loss confounding.
Mathematical investigation
The cumulative average consumption from calcium supplements, magnesium, and you may phosphorus try determined to attenuate inside-person type for example obtain a knowledgeable imagine of one’s long-name intake. Person-numerous years of realize-up for every single new member was calculated as the interval within big date out of finishing of your own baseline survey while the end out-of follow-up (this new big date of the past head to or the check out out of heart attack diagnosis), whichever came very first. The fresh incidence rates try determined by the separating the number of times from the person-several years of realize-up. The fresh multivariate Cox proportional risks activities were used to imagine the risk percentages (HR) and you may 95% believe times (95% CI) of fabricating heart attack centered on dieting calcium supplements, magnesium, and you may phosphorus intake by using the reduced quartile since the reference group. From the Cox proportional problems patterns, this new p to own trend is carried out by modeling new average off the newest categories discussed by for each and every quartile since the a continuing varying.
We first performed statistical interaction tests between dietary intakes of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and other baseline characteristics (Table 1). We used the Kolmogorov-Sminov test to test the normality of all variables. We outlined the baseline characteristics of the participants. We used the t-test for the continuous variables with normal distribution to test for differences and trends between groups. The non-parametric test is applied to the continuous variables with non-normal distribution, and the chi-square test is used for the classified variables. Then, we categorize the three-day average intakes of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus into four levels. We constructed three sequential models to estimate the effect of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus intakes on stroke. Model 2 further added baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle factors such as urbanization index, education, household income, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and medication use into the multivariable analysis. Model 3 additionally adjusted for dietary factors including energy (kcal/d), whole grain (g/d), red meat (g/d), fruits (g/d), vegetables (g/d), saturated fatty acid (g/d), polyunsaturated fatty acid (g/d), cereal fiber (g/d), Na (mg/d), K (mg/d) and cholesterol (g/d) 24,25,26 . To further analyze which factors would affect the relationship between the exposure and outcome, we conducted stratified analyses by age at baseline (< 60 and ? 60 years), sex (man and woman), smoking (never and ever), drinking (never and ever), BMI (< 24, 24–28 and > 28 kg/m 2 ), hypertension, diabetes, and Myocardial infarction. The likelihood ratio test was used to assess the interactions of cross-product terms. The proportional hazards assumption for dietary calcium, magnesium, phosphorus Intakes, and other covariates was checked by Schoenfeld’s residuals, and no violation was found (P > 0.05). Besides, we performed sensitivity analyses to verify the robustness of the primary results. Second, we repeated the analysis using the non-adjusted person-time from the date of the first visit to the time of the most recent visit of stroke diagnosis or to the end of follow-up, whichever came first. Third, we included dyslipidemia as a sensitivity analysis, which confirmed the robustness of our findings to some degree. Tests for trends across dietary intake categories were conducted by modeling the median value in each quartile as a continuous variable in each model. All statistical analyses were performed with przeglД…d soulsingles STATA version 14.0. All P-values were two-sided, and P < 0.05 was considered to statistical significance.
